Automatic toaster



Oct. 27, 1964 c. D. VISOS 3,154,003

AUTOMATIC TOASTER Original Filed Dec. 6, 1960 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 A; IN VEN TOR.

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ATTORNEYS.

Oct. 27, 1964- c. D. VISOS 3,154,003

AUTOMATIC TOASTER Original Filed Dec. 6, 1960 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V ENTOR.

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Oct. 27, 1964 c. D. vlsos AUTOMATIC TOAS'I'ER 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 OriginalFiled Dec. 6. 1960 ATTORNEYS.

United States Patent O 3,154,003 AUTGMATHC TOASTER Charles D. Visas, St.Louis, Mo., assignor to Knappli/ionarch Company, a corporation ofDelaware Original application Dec. 6, 1969, Ser. No. 74,162. Divided andthis application Feb. 10, 1964, Ser. No.

senses 2 Claims. c1. ar -334 This invention relates to an automatictoaster and, more particularly, relates to the apparatus for operatingthe bread carrier of an automatic toaster. The invention is especiallydirected to improvements in automatic toasters of the type whereinelectromotive means are used to lower the bread carrier to toastingposition, and spring means are used to raise the carrier to its startingposition.

This application is a division of my copending application, Serial No.74,162, filed December 6, 1960.

In my copending application, Serial No. 59,931, filed October 3, 1960,the entry of a slice of bread into the toaster released a latch thatmaintained the bread carrier in elevated position, and then gravitycarried the carriage to a lowered toasting position. After timing out ofthe toasting period, a solenoid was energized to effect raising of thebread carrier to its elevated position. Means were provided to preventrecycling which is always a problem where the carriage is returned tothe raised position at substantial velocity.

In my copending application, Serial No. 74,162, the entry of a slice ofbread into the toaster energizes a solenoid that pulls the bread carrierdown to a toasting position while simultaneously potentializing a breadcarrier restoring spring. Means are provided for latching the carrier inthe toasting position while simultaneously deenergizing the solenoid.Then after the toasting cycle has been timed out, the latch is releasedpermitting the potentialized spring to restore the carrier to itselevated position at substantial velocity, and means are provided toprevent recycling of the said mechanism.

The aforesaid improved bread carriage lowering and raising mechanism isfurther provided in combination with other improvements hereinafterdescribed, such as, for example, a slide-type color control of the typedisclosed in my copending application, Serial No. 842,760, filedSeptember 28, 1959, now US Patent No. 3,032,- 424.

An important object of the invention of this application is to provide atoasting apparatus in which improved latch and switch means cooperate toenergize and deenergize the electromotive means for moving the breadcarrier between the raised and lowered positions.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatictoaster with a novel pivotally and wobbly mounted latch member formaintaining a control switch open when either the motor for lowering thebread carriage or the spring means for raising the bread carriage isoperative to maintain the bread carrier in either a raised or a loweredposition.

An additional object is to provide simple, compact, and reliableoperating apparatus for automatic toasters.

These and other objects, advantages, and functions of the invention willbe apparent on reference to the specification and to the accompanyingdrawings, in which like parts are identified by like referencecharacters in each of the views, and in which:

FIGURE 1 is an interior, fragmentary perspective view of the front endof an automatic toaster, with the outer casing removed, illustratingpart of the operating apparatus of this invention, and showing thecarriage in toasting position;

FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary top plan view of the toaster and the operatingapparatus therefor in unloaded condition;

FIGURE 3 is a front end elevational view of the toaster of FIGURE 1 withcertain parts omitted for purposes of clarity of view, and illustratingthe bread carrier operating apparatus in the raised position aftertoasting and before removal of the toast;

FIGURE 4 is a View similar to FIGURE 3, but illus' trating the partswhen the bread carrier is in its lowered toasting position;

FIGURE 5 is a rear end elevational view of the toaster, illustrating infull lines the parts in the raised starting position of the breadcarrier, and illustrating in dotdash lines how the mechanism preventsrecycling;

FIGURE 6 is an exploded perspective View of certain portions of thebread carriers latch means that are illustrated in the preceding views;and

FIGURE 7 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of the cooperatingportions of the bread-responsive means and the latch lever.

Before proceeding with a detailed description of the device hereindisclosed, it should be noted that, basically, this toaster is anautomatic carrier-type toaster having a bread carriage which is normallymaintained in its up position by a potentialized restoring spring, andmeans are provided which operate, upon insertion of a bread slice intothe toaster, to energize a solenoid which draws the carriage down to atoasting position while further potentializing the restoring spring.When the carriage reaches the toasting position, latch means areprovided for restraining the carriage in said toasting position andsolenoid cut-out means are provided for substantially simultaneouslydeenergizing the solenoid means, so that the carriage is onlymechanically held in the lowered toasting position. Movement of thecarriage into the toasting position initiates energization of a toastingmeans, and initiates operation of a timer mechanism. When the toastingperiod has been timed out, the latch means is released and thepotentialized spring moves the carriage to the up position,simultaneously deenergizing the toasting means. The carriage movesupward with substantial velocity, and a mechanical lock-out mechanism isprovided to prevent recycling of the toaster until the finished toasthas been removed. Thereafter, insertion of a fresh bread slice into thetoaster starts the cycle again.

Referring now to the drawings, there is shown in FIG- URES 1 and 2 aportion of the fully automatic toaster of this invention, with the outercasing of the toaster removed so as to disclose the parts therein. Theinterior structure illustrated includes frame means comprising a base10, a front upright end panel 12, a rear upright end panel 14, andspaced side flanges 16 and 18 extending from the end panels 12 and 14and adapted to position side panels therein. The front end panel 12 isprovided with a central vertical slot 13 through which a front-controlportion of the toasters bread carriage is adapted to extend. The rearend panel 14 is provided with a central vertical slot 15, as best seenin FIGURES 3-5, through which a rear-control portion of the breadcarriage is to extend.

The upright panels 12, 14, 16 and 18 surround a toasting space which isdivided into two toasting chambers, generally indicated at 20 and 21.The space 22 forwardly of the upright end panel 12 constitutes a forwardcontrol space in which certain of the controls of the automaticmechanism are located, and the space 24 rearwardly of the rear end panel14 defines a smaller, rear control space within which certain portionsof the control mechanism are located.

Positioned within the toasting chambers and 21 are portions of a breadcarrier, or carriage, generally indicated at 26. The bread carrier 26 isdefined by a pair of oppositely facing, generally U-shaped, membershaving lateral extensions, at the ends of the arms of the U, which areconnected together in spaced relation to define the forward controlportion, or extension 28 which extends through slot 13 on end panel 12,and the rearward control portion, or extension 30 which extends throughslot 15 in panel 14.

There is also provided a pivotally-mounted, breadresponsive lever means32 positioned generally above the carriage 26. The lever means 32includes a pair of parallel bars 34 and 36 which extend generallyparallel of the bights of the U-shaped members of the bread carrier 26and which provide thereon lateral bread-engaging and supporting flanges35 and 37. The parallel bars 34 and 36 are interconnected by crossportions 38 and 39. There is defined on the lever means 32 an axialforward extension 40 which projects between the spaced flanges on theU-shaped parts of the bread carrier 26, thereby extending centrally ofthe forward extension 23. A pivot pin 42 carried by the forwardextension 28 of the bread carriage serves as the pivot mounting for thelever means 32. The lever means 32 also defines a rearward extension 44which is offset from the longitudinal axis of the lever means 32 andwhich extends through a vertical slot 46 defined in the rear end panel14.

A part of the forward extension 23 of the bread carrier 26 is aperturedat 48 forwardly of pin 42. The rearward extension 30 has a portion whichis apertured at 50. There is provided a generally U-shaped elevator bar,generally indicated at 52, which defines a pair of spaced arms 54 and 56that are positioned outwardly of the end panels 12 and 14 and which areof a length and dimension to extend through apertures 48 and 50 definedin the extension portions 23 and 30 of the bread carrier 26. Theapertures 48 and 50 are of sulficient size relative to the dimension ofthe arms 54- and 56 so that there is no binding as the carriage movesbetween its various positions. The U-shaped bar 52 defines an elongatedbight 58 which is pivoted in the end panels 12 and 14, as illustrated inFIGURES 1-5.

The arm 56 is spaced from rear end panel 14 a predetermined distance,and a potentialized coil spring 60 is provided for normally biasing theelevator bar 52, and thereby carriage 26, toward the up position. Thehelical coil portion 62 of spring 60 is loosely mounted on the portionof bight 58 located between panel 14 and arm 56. An extended arm 64 ofspring 60 extends in the direction toward slot 13 and is shaped to firstslope upwardly from coil 62 and then extend laterally, as best seen inFIGURE 5, and to finally terminate in an upwardly opening hook 66 whichengages the underside of arm 56. The end panel 14 carries a rearwardlyextending stop flange 68 against which the arm 64 abuts when thecarriage is in its normal raised position.

There is also positioned in the rear control space 24, upon the base 10,a solenoid coil generally indicated at 70, which is part of a solenoidmotor that includes a vertically movable core, or plunger 72 positionedgenerally below the arm 56. The plunger 72 is bifurcated at its upperend to provide a recess through which a portion of arm 56 may extend,and the ears of the bifurcated end of plunger 73 carry a nylon roller ona cross-pin 75 for effecting a smooth operative connection between theplunger 72 and the arm 56.

Mounted on the outer side of rear end panel 14 is a mechanism forpreventing recycling of the toaster carriage. This mechanism isgenerally of the type described in the copending application, Serial No.59,931, dated October 3, 1960. This mechanism includes an inverted,irregularly U-shaped, cam 76 that is pivotally mounted by its bight on apin 78. The cam 76 provides one arm 80 that is positioned adjacent slot46, and the other arm 82 extends generally transversely of, but adjacentslot 15. The arm 82 is of greater mass than arm 80 so that the U-shapedcam is normally biased by gravity to the position shown in FIGURE 5. Thearm 82 provides an inclined edge 84 which projects across slot 15. Thearm 80 is shaped to define a downwardly extending finger 86 extendingparallel to slot 4-6 and a laterally extending finger 83. A stop flange90 is bent from panel 14 and projects outwardly therefrom spaced fromslot 46 and against which the arm 80 abuts. The fingers 86 and S3 definea crotch 92 therebetween adapted to receive the extended end 44 of levermeans 32 when the cam 76 is swung to the dot-dash line position ofFIGURE 5. The panel 14 provides a rearwardly extending stop flange 94which is positioned to engage arm 82 of cam 76 when the cam is pivotedby the upward movement of the carriage 26.

Turning now to the control parts which are located in the front controlspace 22 located forwardly of end panel 12, the toaster is provided withan energizing circuit that includes a normally open main switch 96 forcontrolling energization of the toasters heating elements. The blades ofthe main switch 96 are elongated, generally horizontally extending,flexible metal blades 97 and 93 that are separated by an insulator 99.The blades 97 and 98 respectively carry normally open contact points 9%and 98a.

As best seen in FIGURES 3 and 4, a second control switch is provided,generally indicated at 100, and includes a pair of substantiallyvertically disposed switch blades 101 and 102 separated by an insulator103. The blades 101 and 102 respectively carry the contact points 101aand 102a. Blade 101 is relatively rigid, while blade 102 is relativelyflexible and is of a greater length than blade 101, so as to extendabove blade 101, as illustrated in FTGURES 3 and 4. The extended end ofblade 102 carries an insulator 104 which is positioned to be engaged byswitch-controlling elements hereinafter described. The flexing blade 102has a spring bias in it which normally tends to bias the contact point101a to close the switch 100. The switch is for the purpose ofcontrolling energization of solenoid coil 70.

There is provided a timer mechanism and a latch lever mechanism of thetype as also described and disclosed in the said copending application,Serial No. 59,931, dated October 3, 1960. The latch lever merchanismincludes a pivotable arm 106 mounted for pivoting about the horizontalaxis of laterally extending pin 108 carried by the frame. The distal endof arm 106 extends through a labyrinth, or positioning plate 110, thatis cut out to form an irregular aperture, or labyrinth, generallyindicated at 112 which cooperates with the arm 106 to define a pair ofpositions for the arm 106. The labyrinth includes an upper edge 114against which the arm 106 rests in one position, and a lower edge 116against which the arm 106 rests in a second position. The extended endof arm 106 is connected by an inclined spring 117 to an anchor flange118 that is mounted upon base 10, and which is of a length such that thespring 117 is normally inclined upwardly from its connection to arm 106,thereby normally biasing the arm 106 both in a direction away from panel12 and in a direction upwardly against the edges 114 or 116.

The arm 106 carries an anvil 119 of insulating material that ispositioned between the labyrinth plate and the pivot pin 108. The arm106 is shaped to define a laterally extending tongue 120 which overliesa recess 122 that is located adjacent, but slightly offset from, slot 13in panel 12, for a reason appearing hereinafter. The axis of pin 108 islocated laterally of slot 13, so that the recess 122 is located betweenthe axis of pin 108 and slot 13.

The timer mechanism, generally indicated at 130, is of the typegenerally disclosed in Patent No. 2,778,902. The timer includes a springblade arm 132, which carries a formed arm 134 of relatively rigidmaterial, and which is spaced from bimetal arm 136 which in turn isnormally spaced from a potentializable leaf spring arm 138 that carriesa magnet 140. The extended end of arm 138 carries an impact abutment 142adapted to strike against anvil 119 carried by arm 106. The bimetal arm136 carries a magnet keeper 144 for cooperation with magnet 140. Aheating wire 146 is Wrapped around a portion of bimetal arm 136 forpurposes as explained in the said Patent No. 2,778,902. The arm 134carries an adjustable abutment screw 148 positioned to be engaged by theextended end of arm 136.

The toaster is also provided with a slide-type color control andcarriage release, generally indicated at 150, of the type disclosed inmy copending application, Serial No. 842,760, filed September 28, 1959.The color control includes an elongated arm 152 that is pivotallymounted on pin 154 carried on the base of the toaster. The arm 152 hasan upright flange 156 which carries an adjustment screw 158 forcooperation with arm 134. The arm 152 is provided with a curved cam edge160 and another cam edge 162 extending sharply relative to edge 160. Thetoaster frame is provided with a track slot 164 in which an actuator 166may move in cooperation with the cam edge 160. The spring blade 132operates through arm 134, screw 158, and flange 156 to bias arm 152against actuator 166. The operation of the color control and release areas described in the said copending application, Serial No. 842,760, andit will be understood that as actuator 166 is moved along track slot 164in engagement with cam edge 160, it varies the position of the abutmentscrew 148 carried by arm 152 relative to arm 136. This varies the periodof the timing means 130 and thereby controls the color of the toastproduced. The actuator 166 moving against cam edge 162 operates to movearm 136 against anvil 119 to effect manual termination of the toastingcycle.

The forward extension 28 carries thereon a depending foot 170, with aninsulator button 172 adapted to engage and depress the upper blade 97 ofswitch 96. The breadresponsive lever means 32 is provided with anupwardly extending flange 174 which extends above the upper edge of theforward extension 28 and which is connected by means of elongated coilspring 176 to a laterally extending flange 178 formed on forwardextension portion 28. The portion 28 is also shaped to define adepending and laterally inclined latch foot 179 and a depressing foot180. The foot 180 serves to engage and depress arm 106 when carriage 26descends, at the same time the foot 179 enters recess 122 with tongue120 above and engaging foot 179 to maintain carriage 26 in the loweredposition.

Positioned on front end panel 12 is a pin 181 extending forwardlythereof and provided with an enlarged head 182. A latch lever 184 ispivotally and wobbly mounted on pin 181 in engagement with head 182.Spring means comprising a coil spring 186 is mounted on pin 181, withone end anchored to panel 12 and the other end engaging the upper edgeof latch lever 184 to normally bias the latch lever 184 counterclockwisewhen viewed in FIG- URES 3 and 4. The coils of the coil spring 186 alsopermit of movement of the latch lever 184 axially of pin 181. A pair ofspaced stops 190 and 192 provide limits for the pivoting of latch lever184 under the bias of spring 186. The latch lever has one end whichprojects across the path of movement of the bread carriage 26 anddefines an abutment shoulder 194 which is adapted to be engaged by theterminus of flange 174 on lever means 32 when the carriage rises to theup position after a toasting operation. A portion of latch lever 184extends beyond slot 13 and is shaped to define a laterally extendingshoulder 196 which is adapted for engagement and cooperation with theinsulator 104 on leaf spring blade 102. A further extension 198 of latchlever 184 provides an abutment adapted to engage the edge of insulator104. The opposite end of latch lever 184 is inwardly turned at 200 to 6provide a limit for movement of latch lever 184 axially of elongatedmounting pin 181.

The arm 106 is angle-shaped to provide an upwardly extending portion 202which carries an abutment tongue 204 that is positioned to cooperatewith switch blade 102 of the second control switch 100. A'bifurcatedguide 206 mounted on end panel 12 provides a guide for restraining theupwardly extended portion 202 of arm 106 against displacement relativeto panel 12. Alternative to fixed tongue 204, the arm portion may beprovided with a flange having a threaded aperture in which is positionedan elongated threaded screw or bolt, thereby providing a range ofadjustment for selecting the precise position of arm 106 at which thescrew is to engage blade 102 to open switch 100.

Operation In the operation of the toaster, the majority of the parts,except as hereinafter noted, are normally in the position shown inFIGURES 3 and 5 in full lines when the toaster is awaitingentry of aslice of bread. Upon entry of a slice of bread into toasting chamber 20or 21, the engagement of the lower edge of the bread slice with flanges35 or 37 of lever means 32 will pivot the lever means about pin 42 fromits normally upwardly inclined position down to a substantiallyhorizontal position in the plane of the bread carrier 26. The levermeans 32, when unloaded, are normally pivoted to an inclined position bymeans of spring 176.

As the lever means 32 pivots downwardly, the flange 174 engages theouter side of latch lever 184, as best seen in full lines in FIGURE 2,and moves the latch lever to the dot-dash line position of FIGURE 2.When this occurs, the shoulder 196 is withdrawn from engagement withinsulator 104 on spring blade 102, thereby permitting the inherentresilience of blade 102 to close switch to energize solenoid coil 70.The lateral movement of blade 102 moves the edge of blade 102 intoalignment with extension 198 of latch lever 184, and in that positionthe latch lever 184 is maintained in the dot-dash position of FIGURE 2.

With solenoid 70 energized, the plunger 72 is drawn downward sharply andthis operates through pivoted bar 52 to lower the carriage 26 to atoasting position and to further potentialize the restoring spring 60.As the carriage moves down to the toasting position the foot 180 engagesthe arm 106 and pivots it clockwise about the axis of pin 108, as viewedin FIGURES 3 and 4, thereby tion the latch lever 184 is maintained inthe dot-dash posiswinging the tongue to a position overlying the foot179 that enters recess 122 in arm 106. At the same time, the extendedend of arm 106 is moved into the lower portion of labyrinth 112 andspring 117 biases arm 106 to wobble around pin 108 to a latch positionWhere the upper edge of arm 106 engages edge 116 of the labyrinth. Asthe carriage 26 moves down to the toasting position, the insulator 172engages and depresses the blade 97 of switch 96 to close switch 96, asseen in FIGURE 4. The movement of arm 106 from the position of FIGURE 3to the position of FIGURE 4 swings abutment tongue 204 into engagementwith insulator 104 on leaf spring 102 and operates to displace leafspring 102 to a position where the shoulder 196 on latch lever 184 mayagain interpose itself to prevent closure of switch 100.

Thus, at the same time that the carriage has been moved to the loweredtoasting position, latch means are applied which maintains the carriagelowered, the main switch 96 which energizes the heating elements of thetoaster has been closed, and the switch which energizes the loweringsolenoid coil 70 has been opened to prevent burn-out of the solenoid.The toasting operation is then timed by operation of the timermechanism. This includes warping of the bimetal blade 136, by heating ofcoil 146, toward blade 138 until the magnet keeper 144 is sufiicientlyclose to magnet to cause the two to engage, whereupon the heating ofcoil 146 is shunted to permit the bimetal 136 to cool and flex in theopposite direction to potentialize blade 13%, and wherein the extendedend of blade 13% engages abutment 148, and the further cooling andflexing of bimetal 13s: eventually causes the separation of magnetkeeper 144 from magnet 14d, whereupon the potentialized arm 138 swingsagainst anvil 119 to move the arm 1% away from engagement with edge 116,whereupon spring 117 pulls arm 1% upwardly against edge 114 and releasesthe carriage, so that the potentialized spring 60 moves the carriagewith toasted bread thereon upwardly at substantial velocity to the upposition.

The upward movement of spring 60 is limited by stop 68, but the carriage26 is free to continue to rise, and the control portion 36) of thecarriage engages the cam edge 84 of cam 76, which swings the crotch 92on arm 80 across slot 46 and thereby intercepts and prevents upwardmovement of extension 44 of the bread-responsive lever means 32. Whenthe carriage settles back under gravity to being supported through arm56 resting in hook 66 of spring 60, the weighted arm 82 of cam '76pivots cam 76 to the full-line position shown in FIGURE 5, with slot 46unobstructed. Then, upon manual removal of the finished toast from thetoaster, the bread-responsive means 32 is free to move upwardly to itsnormal inclined position, because the extension 44 is free to moveupwardly through slot 46.

When the loaded carriage is in the up position and before the toast hasbeen removed, then the upper edge of flange 174 engages the shoulder 194on latch lever 134 and lifts the latch lever to the position shown inFIGURE 3. In this position, the shoulder 1% slides relative to insulator1G4 and operates to maintain switch 1110 in open condition. When thebread is removed from the toaster, the spring 176 pulls the flange 174in the direction away from panel 12 to a position where it no longerengages shoulder 194 on latch lever 184. This permits the spring 186 toswing latch lever 184 counterclockwise, as viewed in FIGURE 3, to theposition as illustrated in full lines in FIGURE 2, with lever 184located laterally between flange 1'74 and panel 12 and with the parts ofthe toaster reset in a position awaiting beginning of a new cycle.

While there has been shown and described :a particular embodiment ofthis invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art thatvarious changes and modifications may be made therein without departingfrom the invention ii and, therefore, it is intended in the appendedclaims to cover all such changes and modifications as fall Within thetrue spirit and scope of the invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is:

1. A toaster and switch latch combination wherein the toaster includes amovable bread carriage having breadresponsive means responsive to entryof a bread slice thereon for releasing the carriage from a non-toastingposition, a motor, and a switch closed upon release of the carriage forenergizing said motor to move the carriage to a bread-toasting position,and wherein said latch comprises in combination: an elongated mountingstud, a lever loosely mounted on said mounting stud so as to provide aplurality of degrees of motion and positioned across the path or" travelof the bread-responsive means, one said degree of motion being in lafirst plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the stud andanother degree of motion being in a second plane substantially throughthe axis of the stud, the lever being arranged to be resiliently biasedtoward one position within said first plane and affording pivotingmovement of said lever away from said one position against the saidresilient bias upon movement of the carriage from the toasting positionto non-toasting position and before toast has been removed from thetoaster; the lever also being arranged to be resiliently biased toward asecond position within said second plane, and affording pivotingmovement of said lever under influence of said bread-responsive meansout of said first plane and away from said second position against thesecond said bias upon entry of a bread slice onto the bread carriage;spring means for exerting both said first and second resilient biases,and an abutment on said lever spaced distally from said stud forengagement with said first switch for maintaining the first switch openfor all positions of the lever in the first plane.

2. A device as set forth in claim 1 wherein said spring means includes acoil spring portion surrounding said mounting stud and resilientlyengaging the lever.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,288,713 Ireland July 1, 1942 2,693,142 Ireland Nov. 2, 1954 2,773,441Ireland Dec. 11, 1956

1. A TOASTER AND SWITCH LATCH COMBINATION WHEREIN THE TOASTER INCLUDES AMOVABLE BREAD CARRIAGE HAVING BREADRESPONSIVE MEANS RESPONSIVE TO ENTRYOF A BREAD SLICE THEREON FOR RELEASING THE CARRIAGE FROM A NON-TOASTINGPOSITION, A MOTOR, AND A SWITCH CLOSED UPON RELEASE OF THE CARRIAGE FORENERGIZING SAID MOTOR TO MOVE THE CARRIAGE TO A BREAD-TOASTING POSITION,AND WHEREIN SAID LATCH COMPRISES IN COMBINATION: AN ELONGATED MOUNTINGSTUD, A LEVER LOOSELY MOUNTED ON SAID MOUNTING STUD SO AS TO PROVIDE APLURALITY OF DEGREES OF MOTION AND POSITIONED ACROSS THE PATH OF TRAVELOF THE BREAD-RESPONSIVE MEANS, ONE SAID DEGREE OF MOTION BEING IN AFIRST PLANE SUBSTANTIALLY PERPENDICULAR TO THE AXIS OF THE STUD ANDANOTHER DEGREE OF MOTION BEING IN A SECOND PLANE SUBSTANTIALLY THROUGHTHE AXIS OF THE STUD, THE LEVER BEING ARRANGED TO BE RESILIENTLY BIASEDTOWARD ONE POSITION WITHIN SAID FIRST PLANE AND AFFORDING PIVOTINGMOVEMENT OF SAID LEVER AWAY FROM SAID ONE POSITION AGAINST THE SAIDRESILIENT BIAS UPON MOVEMENT OF THE CARRIAGE FROM THE TOASTING POSITIONTO NON-TOASTING POSITION AND BEFORE TOAST HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM THETOASTER; THE LEVER ALSO BEING ARRANGED TO BE RESILIENTLY BIASED TOWARD ASECOND POSITION WITHIN SAID SECOND PLANE, AND AFFORDING PIVOTINGMOVEMENT OF SAID LEVER UNDER INFLUENCE OF SAID BREAD-RESPONSIVE MEANSOUT OF SAID FIRST PLANE AND AWAY FROM SAID SECOND POSITION AGAINST THESECOND SAID BIAS UPON ENTRY OF A BREAD SLICE ONTO THE BREAD CARRIAGE;SPRING MEANS FOR EXERTING BOTH SAID FIRST AND SECOND RESILIENT BIASES,AND AN ABUTMENT ON SAID LEVER SPACED DISTALLY FROM SAID STUD FORENGAGEMENT WITH SAID FIRST SWITCH FOR MAINTAINING THE FIRST SWITCH OPENFOR ALL POSITIONS OF THE LEVER IN THE FIRST PLANE.